Why move to the EU?

Some of the clearest differences between life in the United States and life in the European Union show up in broad quality of life, cost of living, traffic deaths, and day-to-day safety. Choose your US state to see how it compares to the 27 EU member states across all four dimensions.

Quality of life: where the US actually ranks

Across six independent global quality-of-life indices (HDI, the OECD Better Life Index, Numbeo, Social Progress, Good Country, and the Happy Planet Index), the United States ranks #23 out of 28 (the 27 EU member states plus the US), with an average rank of 33.0.

US overall QoL rank
#23/28
across the US and the EU 27
EU countries ranked higher
22/27
score better than the US on the combined index
EU countries ranked lower
5/27
score worse than the US on the combined index
Quality of life index rankings: US vs each EU country, lower is better
Overall rankCountryAvg rankHDIOECD Better LifeNumbeo QoLSocial ProgressGood CountryHappy Planet
#1Denmark5.338223413
#2Netherlands6.677517614
#3Finland7.009862512
#4Sweden8.8357135716
#5Germany10.17410811919
#6Austria12.17189713818
#7Ireland13.20312291012n/a
#8Luxembourg13.671613391031
#9Belgium16.83191125151120
#10Spain18.202718n/a181711
#11France20.50281627161521
#12Slovenia21.67232119212224
#13Estonia23.00302411232426
#14Italy24.50291940191822
#15Czechia (Czech Republic)24.67322224222325
#16Portugal25.00382028202123
#17Slovakia28.83392335242527
#18Poland29.17342537252628
#19Latvia31.17372831273430
#20Cyprus31.17263034332935
#21Lithuania31.33362921263529
#22Croatia32.00423422283334
#23United States33.002115151722108
#24Greece33.17352747302832
#25Hungary33.17402644292733
#26Malta34.50253151343036
#27Romania38.17533245313137
#28Bulgaria39.33583343323238

Rankings are lower is better: #1 is the best performer in each index. Individual index columns show the country's rank within that specific index's global dataset (so HDI rank 21 means the US is 21st in the world on the UN Human Development Index). The overall rank in this table is among the 28 places shown here (US + EU 27), not worldwide.

Cost of living: how the EU compares

On the Numbeo Cost of Living + Rent Index, a normalized measure that combines groceries, dining, transport, utilities, and rent, the US scores 54.3 (NYC = 100). The EU 27 average sits at 36.2, roughly 33% lower. Of the 27 EU member states, 26 cost less to live in than the US.

US cost of living
54.3
Numbeo CoL + Rent Index, NYC = 100
EU 27 average
36.2
across the 27 EU member states
The gap
33%
EU average lower than the US. Romania is the cheapest (23.2).
United States
54.3
Romania
23.2
Bulgaria
24.2
Hungary
25.3
Latvia
28.6
Poland
28.8
Slovakia
29.7
Croatia
30.5
Lithuania
30.9
Greece
31.1
Czechia (Czech Republic)
31.5
Portugal
32.8
Spain
33.6
Estonia
33.8
Slovenia
34.1
Italy
36.3
Malta
37.1
Cyprus
38.2
Sweden
38.7
Belgium
40.1
France
41.0
Finland
41.1
Germany
42.4
Austria
43.6
Netherlands
47.9
Denmark
48.6
Ireland
50.6
Luxembourg
54.8

26 of 27 EU member states cost less to live in than the US; only Luxembourg (54.8) edges above the US. Source: Numbeo Cost of Living + Rent Index, 2025 annual snapshot.

Road fatalities: another lens on everyday safety

Violent crime gets the headlines, but driving is statistically the most dangerous thing most Americans do each day. The US averages 12.4 road deaths per 100,000 people; every EU country does better, most of them dramatically so.

US road death rate
12.4
per 100,000 residents, per year
EU average
5.4
across the 27 EU member states
The gap
2.3×
US vs EU average. 5.0× vs Denmark/ Sweden (safest).
United States
12.4
Denmark
2.5
Sweden
2.5
Netherlands
2.8
Finland
3.0
Ireland
3.2
Spain
3.7
Luxembourg
4.0
Malta
4.0
Germany
4.1
Austria
4.5
France
4.8
Belgium
5.0
Slovenia
5.0
Italy
5.3
Estonia
5.5
Cyprus
6.0
Hungary
6.0
Portugal
6.0
Czechia (Czech Republic)
6.5
Slovakia
6.8
Croatia
7.0
Greece
7.0
Lithuania
7.0
Latvia
7.5
Poland
7.5
Bulgaria
9.0
Romania
9.5

All 27 of 27 EU member states have lower road death rates than the US. Source: WHO Global Status Report on Road Safety and national road safety agencies.

Personal safety: homicide risk

The most directly comparable crime metric across US and EU jurisdictions is the intentional homicide rate. Here's how Virginia stacks up.

Virginia homicide rate
5.0
per 100,000 residents
EU average
1.1
per 100,000 residents
The gap
4.6×
Virginia vs EU average. 16.7× vs Luxembourg (safest EU state).

In Virginia, the homicide rate is 5.0 per 100,000. In Luxembourg, it's 0.3 per 100,000. That means a resident of Virginia is statistically 16.7× more likely to be murdered than a resident of Luxembourg.

Where Virginia lands on the EU map

EU countries safer than Virginia
26/26
with a lower homicide rate (per 100,000)
US safety rank
#25/50
safest US state, by homicide rate (1 = safest)
EU range
0.3 – 2.8
Luxembourg to Lithuania. Virginia: 5.0

Homicide rate: Virginia vs the EU 27

Intentional homicides per 100,000 residents. Sorted safest to least safe. Source: Eurostat / FBI UCR; Estonia excluded (N/A).

Virginia
5.0
Luxembourg
0.3
Slovenia
0.5
Austria
0.6
Italy
0.6
Netherlands
0.6
Spain
0.6
Poland
0.7
Denmark
0.8
Germany
0.8
Ireland
0.8
Portugal
0.8
Czechia (Czech Republic)
0.9
Malta
0.9
Greece
1.0
Slovakia
1.0
Croatia
1.1
Finland
1.1
Sweden
1.1
Cyprus
1.2
France
1.3
Hungary
1.3
Bulgaria
1.5
Belgium
1.7
Romania
1.8
Latvia
2.5
Lithuania
2.8

Head-to-head: every EU country vs Virginia

How much safer, or less safe, would you be on homicide risk alone? Direct comparison using per-100,000 rates.

Head-to-head homicide comparison: Virginia vs each EU country
CountryHomicide ratevs Virginia (5.0)
Virginia (your state)5.0baseline
Luxembourg0.316.7× safer
Slovenia0.510.0× safer
Austria0.68.3× safer
Italy0.68.3× safer
Netherlands0.68.3× safer
Spain0.68.3× safer
Poland0.77.1× safer
Denmark0.86.3× safer
Germany0.86.3× safer
Ireland0.86.3× safer
Portugal0.86.3× safer
Czechia (Czech Republic)0.95.6× safer
Malta0.95.6× safer
Greece1.05.0× safer
Slovakia1.05.0× safer
Croatia1.14.5× safer
Finland1.14.5× safer
Sweden1.14.5× safer
Cyprus1.24.2× safer
France1.33.8× safer
Hungary1.33.8× safer
Bulgaria1.53.3× safer
Belgium1.72.9× safer
Romania1.82.8× safer
Latvia2.52.0× safer
Lithuania2.81.8× safer

Note: This compares homicide rates only, the one crime metric where US and EU data are directly comparable. Theft, burglary, and assault definitions differ enough across jurisdictions that cross-border absolute comparisons aren't reliable.

Global peacefulness: where the US sits

The Global Peace Index ranks 163 countries across societal safety and security, ongoing conflict, and militarization. The United States ranks #132 out of 163. Of the 25 EU member states covered by the index, the highest-ranked is Ireland at #2, and the lowest-ranked is France at #87, still 45 places above the United States.

US global rank
#132/163
out of 163 countries worldwide
Best-ranked EU country
#2/163
Ireland, near the top of the global index
The gap
45
places separate the US from the lowest-ranked EU country ( France, #87)
Global Peace Index rank, 163 countries
EU 27
#2
#87
US #132
#1 Most peaceful#50#100#163 Least peaceful
EU countries: #2 ( Ireland) to #87 ( France)
United States: #132

Source: Global Peace Index 2024, Institute for Economics and Peace (visionofhumanity.org). The composite score covers societal safety and security (violent crime, terrorism, gun access, political instability), ongoing conflict, and militarization (military spending, arms transfers, nuclear capability). France (#87) ranks lower partly due to nuclear weapons and arms exports; the US's rank of #132 reflects high violent crime and gun access as well as the world's largest military budget. Luxembourg and Malta are not included in IEP's 163-country dataset. Refreshed annually each June.

About this data & how it affects rankings

Quality of life. The overall rank shown is an average of six independent global indices: the UN Human Development Index, the OECD Better Life Index, the Numbeo Quality of Life Index, the Social Progress Imperative's Social Progress Index, the Good Country Index, and the Happy Planet Index. Each index weights different factors (income, education, environment, social cohesion, life expectancy, and so on), so an average across all six is a more robust signal than any single source. The average is over the 28 places compared here (US + EU 27).

Cost of living. The Numbeo Cost of Living + Rent Index sets New York City at 100 and combines the relative cost of groceries, dining, transport, utilities, and rent into a single normalized number. Numbeo aggregates crowdsourced prices alongside official sources and publishes a fresh annual index each January; the values shown here are from the 2025 annual snapshot. The EU average shown is a simple country-level average across the 27 member states. As with any single index, individual cities within a country can run meaningfully above or below the national figure.

Road fatalities. Deaths per 100,000 population per year, sourced from the WHO Global Status Report on Road Safety and national road safety agencies. Unlike most crime categories, road deaths are near-universally counted the same way (fatal traffic collisions within a defined reporting period), making cross-border comparison straightforward. US figures reflect the 50-state average; individual states vary from roughly 6 (Massachusetts, New York) to 25+ (Mississippi, South Carolina) but every state is still above nearly every EU country.

Homicide. Intentional homicide is the one crime metric where US and EU data are directly comparable: the definition is essentially the same everywhere and reporting is consistently near-complete. Theft, burglary, and assault each mean different things in different jurisdictions, and reporting rates vary substantially, so absolute cross-border comparisons of those categories would be misleading. Per-100,000 homicide rates come from Eurostat crime statistics and the FBI Uniform Crime Reporting program.

Global Peace Index. The composite GPI score combines three domains: societal safety and security (crime, terrorism, gun access, political instability, refugees), ongoing conflict (domestic and external), and militarization (military spending, arms transfers, nuclear capability). The index is published annually each June by the Institute for Economics and Peace and covers 163 countries; Luxembourg and Malta are not included. The GPI section on this page is informational; it does not feed into the pathway finder's country scoring. Its purpose is to give the broadest possible cross-national context: every EU country covered by the index ranks at least 45 places above the United States.

Effect on pathway finder scores. The finder's Safety score now blends three components: homicide rate (45%), road fatality rate (25%), and a broader institutional baseline covering political stability, trust in institutions, and social cohesion (30%). A new Overall quality of life priority draws on the combined QoL rank shown on this page. Dial it up on the priorities step if life-quality factors beyond any single dimension matter to you.