Why move to the EU?
Some of the clearest differences between life in the United States and life in the European Union show up in broad quality of life, cost of living, traffic deaths, and day-to-day safety. Choose your US state to see how it compares to the 27 EU member states across all four dimensions.
Quality of life: where the US actually ranks
Across six independent global quality-of-life indices (HDI, the OECD Better Life Index, Numbeo, Social Progress, Good Country, and the Happy Planet Index), the United States ranks #23 out of 28 (the 27 EU member states plus the US), with an average rank of 33.0.
| Overall rank | Country | Avg rank | HDI | OECD Better Life | Numbeo QoL | Social Progress | Good Country | Happy Planet |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | Denmark | 5.33 | 8 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 13 |
| #2 | Netherlands | 6.67 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 7 | 6 | 14 |
| #3 | Finland | 7.00 | 9 | 8 | 6 | 2 | 5 | 12 |
| #4 | Sweden | 8.83 | 5 | 7 | 13 | 5 | 7 | 16 |
| #5 | Germany | 10.17 | 4 | 10 | 8 | 11 | 9 | 19 |
| #6 | Austria | 12.17 | 18 | 9 | 7 | 13 | 8 | 18 |
| #7 | Ireland | 13.20 | 3 | 12 | 29 | 10 | 12 | n/a |
| #8 | Luxembourg | 13.67 | 16 | 13 | 3 | 9 | 10 | 31 |
| #9 | Belgium | 16.83 | 19 | 11 | 25 | 15 | 11 | 20 |
| #10 | Spain | 18.20 | 27 | 18 | n/a | 18 | 17 | 11 |
| #11 | France | 20.50 | 28 | 16 | 27 | 16 | 15 | 21 |
| #12 | Slovenia | 21.67 | 23 | 21 | 19 | 21 | 22 | 24 |
| #13 | Estonia | 23.00 | 30 | 24 | 11 | 23 | 24 | 26 |
| #14 | Italy | 24.50 | 29 | 19 | 40 | 19 | 18 | 22 |
| #15 | Czechia (Czech Republic) | 24.67 | 32 | 22 | 24 | 22 | 23 | 25 |
| #16 | Portugal | 25.00 | 38 | 20 | 28 | 20 | 21 | 23 |
| #17 | Slovakia | 28.83 | 39 | 23 | 35 | 24 | 25 | 27 |
| #18 | Poland | 29.17 | 34 | 25 | 37 | 25 | 26 | 28 |
| #19 | Latvia | 31.17 | 37 | 28 | 31 | 27 | 34 | 30 |
| #20 | Cyprus | 31.17 | 26 | 30 | 34 | 33 | 29 | 35 |
| #21 | Lithuania | 31.33 | 36 | 29 | 21 | 26 | 35 | 29 |
| #22 | Croatia | 32.00 | 42 | 34 | 22 | 28 | 33 | 34 |
| #23 | United States | 33.00 | 21 | 15 | 15 | 17 | 22 | 108 |
| #24 | Greece | 33.17 | 35 | 27 | 47 | 30 | 28 | 32 |
| #25 | Hungary | 33.17 | 40 | 26 | 44 | 29 | 27 | 33 |
| #26 | Malta | 34.50 | 25 | 31 | 51 | 34 | 30 | 36 |
| #27 | Romania | 38.17 | 53 | 32 | 45 | 31 | 31 | 37 |
| #28 | Bulgaria | 39.33 | 58 | 33 | 43 | 32 | 32 | 38 |
Rankings are lower is better: #1 is the best performer in each index. Individual index columns show the country's rank within that specific index's global dataset (so HDI rank 21 means the US is 21st in the world on the UN Human Development Index). The overall rank in this table is among the 28 places shown here (US + EU 27), not worldwide.
Cost of living: how the EU compares
On the Numbeo Cost of Living + Rent Index, a normalized measure that combines groceries, dining, transport, utilities, and rent, the US scores 54.3 (NYC = 100). The EU 27 average sits at 36.2, roughly 33% lower. Of the 27 EU member states, 26 cost less to live in than the US.
26 of 27 EU member states cost less to live in than the US; only Luxembourg (54.8) edges above the US. Source: Numbeo Cost of Living + Rent Index, 2025 annual snapshot.
Road fatalities: another lens on everyday safety
Violent crime gets the headlines, but driving is statistically the most dangerous thing most Americans do each day. The US averages 12.4 road deaths per 100,000 people; every EU country does better, most of them dramatically so.
All 27 of 27 EU member states have lower road death rates than the US. Source: WHO Global Status Report on Road Safety and national road safety agencies.
Personal safety: homicide risk
The most directly comparable crime metric across US and EU jurisdictions is the intentional homicide rate. Here's how Virginia stacks up.
In Virginia, the homicide rate is 5.0 per 100,000. In Luxembourg, it's 0.3 per 100,000. That means a resident of Virginia is statistically 16.7× more likely to be murdered than a resident of Luxembourg.
Where Virginia lands on the EU map
Homicide rate: Virginia vs the EU 27
Intentional homicides per 100,000 residents. Sorted safest to least safe. Source: Eurostat / FBI UCR; Estonia excluded (N/A).
Head-to-head: every EU country vs Virginia
How much safer, or less safe, would you be on homicide risk alone? Direct comparison using per-100,000 rates.
| Country | Homicide rate | vs Virginia (5.0) |
|---|---|---|
| Virginia (your state) | 5.0 | baseline |
| Luxembourg | 0.3 | 16.7× safer |
| Slovenia | 0.5 | 10.0× safer |
| Austria | 0.6 | 8.3× safer |
| Italy | 0.6 | 8.3× safer |
| Netherlands | 0.6 | 8.3× safer |
| Spain | 0.6 | 8.3× safer |
| Poland | 0.7 | 7.1× safer |
| Denmark | 0.8 | 6.3× safer |
| Germany | 0.8 | 6.3× safer |
| Ireland | 0.8 | 6.3× safer |
| Portugal | 0.8 | 6.3× safer |
| Czechia (Czech Republic) | 0.9 | 5.6× safer |
| Malta | 0.9 | 5.6× safer |
| Greece | 1.0 | 5.0× safer |
| Slovakia | 1.0 | 5.0× safer |
| Croatia | 1.1 | 4.5× safer |
| Finland | 1.1 | 4.5× safer |
| Sweden | 1.1 | 4.5× safer |
| Cyprus | 1.2 | 4.2× safer |
| France | 1.3 | 3.8× safer |
| Hungary | 1.3 | 3.8× safer |
| Bulgaria | 1.5 | 3.3× safer |
| Belgium | 1.7 | 2.9× safer |
| Romania | 1.8 | 2.8× safer |
| Latvia | 2.5 | 2.0× safer |
| Lithuania | 2.8 | 1.8× safer |
Note: This compares homicide rates only, the one crime metric where US and EU data are directly comparable. Theft, burglary, and assault definitions differ enough across jurisdictions that cross-border absolute comparisons aren't reliable.
Global peacefulness: where the US sits
The Global Peace Index ranks 163 countries across societal safety and security, ongoing conflict, and militarization. The United States ranks #132 out of 163. Of the 25 EU member states covered by the index, the highest-ranked is Ireland at #2, and the lowest-ranked is France at #87, still 45 places above the United States.
Source: Global Peace Index 2024, Institute for Economics and Peace (visionofhumanity.org). The composite score covers societal safety and security (violent crime, terrorism, gun access, political instability), ongoing conflict, and militarization (military spending, arms transfers, nuclear capability). France (#87) ranks lower partly due to nuclear weapons and arms exports; the US's rank of #132 reflects high violent crime and gun access as well as the world's largest military budget. Luxembourg and Malta are not included in IEP's 163-country dataset. Refreshed annually each June.
About this data & how it affects rankings
Quality of life. The overall rank shown is an average of six independent global indices: the UN Human Development Index, the OECD Better Life Index, the Numbeo Quality of Life Index, the Social Progress Imperative's Social Progress Index, the Good Country Index, and the Happy Planet Index. Each index weights different factors (income, education, environment, social cohesion, life expectancy, and so on), so an average across all six is a more robust signal than any single source. The average is over the 28 places compared here (US + EU 27).
Cost of living. The Numbeo Cost of Living + Rent Index sets New York City at 100 and combines the relative cost of groceries, dining, transport, utilities, and rent into a single normalized number. Numbeo aggregates crowdsourced prices alongside official sources and publishes a fresh annual index each January; the values shown here are from the 2025 annual snapshot. The EU average shown is a simple country-level average across the 27 member states. As with any single index, individual cities within a country can run meaningfully above or below the national figure.
Road fatalities. Deaths per 100,000 population per year, sourced from the WHO Global Status Report on Road Safety and national road safety agencies. Unlike most crime categories, road deaths are near-universally counted the same way (fatal traffic collisions within a defined reporting period), making cross-border comparison straightforward. US figures reflect the 50-state average; individual states vary from roughly 6 (Massachusetts, New York) to 25+ (Mississippi, South Carolina) but every state is still above nearly every EU country.
Homicide. Intentional homicide is the one crime metric where US and EU data are directly comparable: the definition is essentially the same everywhere and reporting is consistently near-complete. Theft, burglary, and assault each mean different things in different jurisdictions, and reporting rates vary substantially, so absolute cross-border comparisons of those categories would be misleading. Per-100,000 homicide rates come from Eurostat crime statistics and the FBI Uniform Crime Reporting program.
Global Peace Index. The composite GPI score combines three domains: societal safety and security (crime, terrorism, gun access, political instability, refugees), ongoing conflict (domestic and external), and militarization (military spending, arms transfers, nuclear capability). The index is published annually each June by the Institute for Economics and Peace and covers 163 countries; Luxembourg and Malta are not included. The GPI section on this page is informational; it does not feed into the pathway finder's country scoring. Its purpose is to give the broadest possible cross-national context: every EU country covered by the index ranks at least 45 places above the United States.
Effect on pathway finder scores. The finder's Safety score now blends three components: homicide rate (45%), road fatality rate (25%), and a broader institutional baseline covering political stability, trust in institutions, and social cohesion (30%). A new Overall quality of life priority draws on the combined QoL rank shown on this page. Dial it up on the priorities step if life-quality factors beyond any single dimension matter to you.